disadvantages of open prisons

Private prisons were constructed as a response to the overcrowding in federal prisons during the 1980s; many people speculate whether or not private prisons are good or bad. Unless otherwise noted, this site and its contents with the exception of photographs are licensed under a Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license. Open prisons significantly reduce construction, operation and maintenance costs incurred on security and prison staff. This action works to create a monopoly around those services. Lurid stories of parties with smuggled-in booze and other headline-grabbing regulation breaches feed images of open prisons as holiday camps and call into question their relevance or necessity. The particularly for the poor . More often than not, the social stigma attached to convicts frustrates any efforts at rehabilitation through open prisons because society still remains unconvinced about any genuine reformation in convicts/ex-convicts and is reluctant to employ them in productive activities or engage in social intercourse with them. Governments have contracted out everything from food preparation to offender transportation needs to third-parties since the first operational contracts were awarded in the early 1980s to agencies that would provide the necessary resources for less than what the government could do on its own. This is an advantage because it'll make the community happy and the prison happy. In the present times, we see that though social media gives us hope to reform traditional political discourse, yet at many levels, it merely replicates it. As I walk around the prison I am reminded of how much there is to care about in an open regime. However, not all prisoners are to be transferred from closed institutions to open prisons. Even official statistics are skewed. Although there are many security measures that can be put into place, it is hard to say whether it is the physical design of the prison or the skilled . Having been neglected by their families, old age prisoners find it difficult to fend for themselves upon release as they get accustomed to a life in prison, dependent on care by fellow inmates. Those who have committed heinous offences, crimes against the state, drug smugglers, and habitual offenders are not selected. The thought of prison is enough for some people to not even contemplate committing a . These camps were popularly called Sampurnanand camps after the reformist politician Sampurnanand who in his capacity as chief minister of Uttar Pradesh in the 1950s and as governor of Rajasthan in the 1960s vigorously promoted the idea (Paranjpe 2001). The highest numbers are in Rajasthan with 29 jails and Maharashtra with 13 jails. So it is better for long-term prisoners to be released from open rather than closed prisons? Open prisons hold a mixture of prisoners serving a few . In India open prison was established in 1953 in UP where housed prisoners were requisition to construct a dam over the river Chandraprabha in Varanasi. Social media thus is becoming this peculiar https://thewire.in/law/rajasthan-open-prison, https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=2ahUKEwj3l5HI__XoAhUa7XMBHVijD8wQFjAAegQIAxAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.socialsciencejournal.in%2Fdownload%2F471%2F4-2-30-434.pdf&usg=AOvVaw0GM-DmijPgTb0veLGwAtLj, http://bprd.nic.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/5230647148Model%20Prison%20Manual.pdf, http://www.bprd.nic.in/content/196_1_NPPRCA.aspx, http://bslsa.bih.nic.in/prision-report/bihar-prison-report.pdf, https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/coronavirus-pandemic-people-behind-bars-are-unsafe/cid/1762310, http://infochangeindia.org/human-rights/40-human-rights/stories-of-change/3358-sanganers-no-bars-prison-gives-criminals-a-new-lease-of-life, https://www.mha.gov.in/MHA1/PrisonReforms/report.html, http://www.context.org/iclib/ic38/merkel/, https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/psi_table_and_chapter_report/TABLE-1.2_1.pdf, https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/default/files/psi_table_and_chapter_report/TABLE-1.9_0.pdf, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Life-grows-in-this-open-prison/articleshow/36085591.cms, http://pcs.mp.gov.in/sites/default/files/All%20India%20Jail%20Manual%20Committee%20(1957-59)%20(2).pdf, https://www.un.org/en/conf/crimecongress2010/pdf/55years_ebook.pdf, The Sundarbans At The Forefront Of An Impending Doom, Social Media: Heralding a New World Order, 2021: Excerpts from Articles on Films and Web Series, Feminism in the Last Decade: An Interactive, Building Blocks of Brahmanical Patriarchy. Criminological arguments for prisons. It encourages more money to change hands inappropriately. A significant challenge that previously convicted individuals face is re-entry into the labor market. This means there will be little security so they may have rooms instead of cells and they would be allowed to go round the prison rather than be escorted. According to reporting by The New York Times, inmates in a private setting may cost up to $1,600 per year more per person when compared to the public sector. 2013 research overview of prison rates in America and their social consequences, by Bruce Western, Harvard University, and Becky Pettit, University of Washington, Seattle. And, the probability of parole or release is non-existent. Secondly, pre-trial detention is the period most open to abuse in the criminal justice process. Minimum standards, as prescribed for the closed institutions, regarding accommodation, equipment, sanitation, hygiene, medical services, diet and welfare services, are maintained. The role of prisons has thus changed over the years and they are no longer regarded as mere custodial institutions. Private prisons experience 50% more violence against employees from inmates when compared to the data from public institutions. Without jobs, former inmates often commit new offenses and go back to prison. This making visits from children, other family members and friends very difficult. Many bureaus want qualified employees that can begin working instantly. With a view to appreciate the usefulness of open prisons as a correctional measure of treatment of offenders, it shall be pertinent to look at the functioning of some of the successful open prisons of India. There has been a lot of police brutality toward colored people yet white people have to endure that too, we are all equal. Chakraburtty discusses the problems with regard to aged prisoners in the open prison in Buxar (Chakraburtty 2015). Family life for all economically disadvantaged Americans has become much more fragile in recent decades and prison makes things worse. Prisoners are busy and productive, working rather than . Private prisons cost about $49.07 per inmate per day. It allows problem-solving that makes the employees more compatible for the goal's primary focus. Not providing the right care violates the Eighth Amendment, fourteenth Amendment, and the Rehabilitation Act. The PIC is specifically harmful to the most vulnerable of people, such as homeless people, mentally ill, etc. The opening of for-profit prisons allows the ratio of prisoners to personnel to move in a positive direction so that everyone can stay safer. In the United States, the prison system is complex and multifaceted, with various institutions and types of facilities. The cost to the taxpayer of operating prisons is a con associated with prison operations. There is also a special five-day leave granted in the event of a family members death, wedding, or other important occasion. At "open prisons . There are currently three privilege levels for prisoners - Basic, Standard and Enhanced. The PIC does more harm, than good, therefore, it is a poor system all-around. The open prisoners family involvement also allows the criminal to gradually heal the communitys wounds associated with their crime (Merkel 1994). Prison Problems in the U.S. Designed, developed and maintained byYodasoft Technologies Pvt. The main part of this research paper is the reforms for the conditions of prison and make prison a better place for prisoner and make an alternative for incarceration. Office of the Inspector of Prisons. ", Clearly there are big incentives to behave well and use the time constructively. I asked him what life was like at Ford. Justice V R Krishna Iyer rightly says, Every saint has a past and every sinner a future, never write off the man wearing the criminal attire but remove the dangerous degeneracy in him, restore his retarded human potential by holistic healing of his fevered, fatigued or frustrated inside and by repairing the repressive, though hidden, injustice of the social order which is vicariously guilty of the criminal behaviour of many innocent convicts. For me, Ford was an aberration. It is an image that immediately brings to mind my own experience of transferring to what the Prison Service describes as "open conditions" after serving almost 18 years behind high walls, steel bars and razor wire. the exceptions. These were early examples of the open model where prisoners were allowed to engage in agriculture, forestry, cottage industry and public utilities related works. It can be more expensive to house offenders in a private prison. That means the advantages and disadvantages of private prisons rely on individual perspectives and community involvement. The convicts also grow cucumber, brinjal, mangoes, amla, neem, jowar, etc. If a low-risk offender becomes a high-risk inmate under the supervision of one of the companies in this industry, then most contracts allow them to replace one person for another. Once prison and jail inmates are included in the population count and among the jobless we see that by 2008 only a quarter of U.S. black men without high school diplomas had jobs. The release of such prisoners may be considered and residents of open prisons may also be granted parole. Another conflict is prison violence, Incarceration refers to the constitutional deprivation of an offender the capacity to commit crimes by detaining them in prisons. These government subsidies along with the support of private prison shareholders allow the prison industrial complex to keep their power and influence. This is rather difficult in the current Indian context due to growing land scarcity. 4. As discussed, Indian prisons are woefully overcrowded and acutely understaffed. In just four years, the countrys first for-profit prison was built in Tennessee to provide services for the government. I remember standing on the edge of the grounds at Blantyre House resettlement prison in Kent a couple of days after I had landed and gazing out across a nearby meadow. The rate of inmates re-offending and being sent back to prison in some regions can be over 80%. These facilities can also be altered or used to provide several different community-based needs. Critics argue that private prisons like any business are driven by profit, and prisons profit from the amount of criminals they are able to contain which gives the private prisons and their shareholders incentive to keep the prison population high and expenses low. Even though there is a small fiscal benefit that comes to fruition when the emphasis of a private prison is to keep labor costs as low as possible, the recovery costs after an incident occurs can negate most, if not all, of the savings that are possible. (ii) A person in prison is entitled to all human rights within the limitations of imprisonment. Source: Prison Statistics of India Report, 2018, NCRB. It did not take long for the capacity of the nations prison system to be exceeded. Providing inmates with privileges and amenities is a means of controlling and motivating good behavior. The prison system has been continuously growing in the last three decades, regardless of the actual need for it. It is important to transform the current criminal justice system to shift the focus from reincarceration to successful re-entry into their communities. No-frills efforts may have a variety of intended and unintended effects including impacts on recidivism, corrections costs and workload, security, andinmate management (Finn, 1996, pg. Recognizing the . The U.S. needs to ensure officers aren't being to violent yet keep it so we know we are safe. All the inmates are required to have served at least a third of their sentences, including remission, in an ordinary jail before being eligible for transfer to this camp(Info Change News and Features 2004). [1] They may be designated "training prisons" and are only for prisoners considered a low risk to the public. There may not be a benefits package associated with that salary either. The private prison system in the United States generates over $80 billion in positive economic impacts each year. Open prisons have relatively less stringent rules as compared to the controlled jails. The sale of rubber brings in revenues that are more than enough to cover annual expenses for running the prison, and the excess goes back to the Kerala state government. Public VS Private Prisons Pros Cons Complete Fact Sheet. In 2011, a Pennsylvania Juvenile Court judge was convicted in a "cash for kids jail scheme," in which private . Decisions happen faster in the private prison system. In the UK, open prisons are often part of a rehabilitation plan for prisoners moved from closed prisons. HKS will never sell your email address or other information to a third party. If we work together to keep costs down while maintaining appropriate conditions, then it can be a useful business model for the criminal justice system. 8. This criticism is invalid, because it is not necessary to know the causes of a particular event to influence the likelihood of its repetition. In 2008, the owner of for-profit youth centers in this industry paid off judges to sentence children harshly so that they would have an extended stay in his program. Research using data that track people over time shows that serving time in prison is associated with a 40% reduction in earnings, reduced hourly wages, and more unemployment. The film portrays a young jail warden who takes six notorious murderers released on parole and turns them into persons of virtue. On any given day, hundreds of prison staff and inmates move in and out of jails, aggravating the risk of affecting the general population (Chakraburtty 2020). Vibhute (2015) is of the opinion that the vocational activities by the inmates of open prisons not only provide opportunities to engage in fruitful pursuits during the term of sentence but also make them learn skills that enable them to follow a vocation on release. California has been required to reduce their prison inmates by 40,000 inmates. These lists are sent to the selection committees which examine each case history and make the final selec-tion whether to opt them for open prison or not. Some institutions will even create these positions as exempt so that there is no requirement to pay overtime, even if 12- to 18-hour days are mandatory. "I'm not going to lie to you. This puts pressure on the budgetary resources of the government. It is a win-win for the prisoners and the community at large. When the faith of the society in these institutions takes firm root, only then is one assured of the true reintegration of these prisoners. A disadvantage-incarceration-disadvantage cycle contributes to rising incarceration rates. The pharmaceutical giant helps with the seeds, packaging and transportation of the dried herbs. Many advocates and researchers have called on news organizations to protect journalists when theyre attacked on social media. It is time our prisons be opened. Since for-profit companies need prisoners to make money off of their prison, they lobby legislative bodies to change how the implementation of laws occurs. Evidently North Sea Camp is a good example of an open prison operating as a valuable community resource. Demographics is a huge difference from men. The system wasn't geared to getting people back out and functioning in the community. When this level of support is not possible, then pursuing this idea may not be in our best interests. Then the provider can increase prices so that there are more opportunities to maximize profits. Now the emphasis has shifted from confinement to training; restriction to re-education and; punishment to reform and rehabilitation. I had forgotten what it was like to look into the distance. This stems from social stigma attached to the convicts, lack of employment skills, mere completion of prison sentence without any moral reformation, etc. 2 Loss of Family Connections. Since 1970, our prison population has risen by some 700% - an increase far outpacing rates of population growth and crime1. He is candid about his objectives and priorities. Prisons play a crucial role in the criminal justice system, serving as a place of detention and rehabilitation for those who have broken the law. Prisoners have keys to their rooms and everybody works or is involved in some form of education or training. It causes issues because colored people think white people (esspecially white police officers) are racist. West Bengal has the highest occupancy rate (114.53 %), while Andhra Pradesh has the lowest rate (15.33 %). Their families and children also suffer threatening cumulative social harm and high costs long into the future. This open camp, located roughly 25 km from Jaipur and spread over four hectares, is unique in that it allows convicts to live with their families. The authors did discover a positive relationship between campus-style prisons and minor property infractions, but this . 12. In addition, much more can be done to provide jobs and constructive life opportunities for ex-inmates. Overcrowding, understaffing, prison violence, poor medical facilities and other amenities, incarceration of undertrials for long periods, forced hard labour on undertrials, abuse of discretionary powers by prison officials, poor access to legal aid and rampant sexual abuse of inmates are only some of the major issues highlighted in the Report (Chakraburtty 2015)1. Shifting of prisoners to an open prison is also appropriate. While the cost per prisoner in Jaipur central prison was Rs 7,094 per month, the cost at Sanganer open prison was just Rs 500 per month. April 6, 2021. Private prisons operate through contracts and legislation. Whereas a long-termer, you can work with and help to prepare for the outside.". They must be made answerable not only to others for the wrongs inflicted but also to the self, so that they are, in true essence, free. What difference does it make? The opening of for-profit prisons allows the ratio of prisoners to personnel to move in a positive direction so that everyone can stay safer. There are several different ways to effectively reduce crime other than these two strategies, such as reforming certain policies. [That] their attitude was despicable is the nicest way I can put it. In Dharmbir vs State of Uttar Pradesh (1979), the apex court observed that open prisons have certain advantages in the context of young offenders who could be protected from some of the well-known vices to which young inmates are subjected to in conventional jails. It must develop the humane faculties and sensitise them to live and let live. This advantage depends on the organization being managed responsibly, along with having appropriate numbers of guards and administrators on site at all times to be useful. Even the government struggles to know whether or not this idea is a good one. Back in 1980, the nations incarceration rate was 221 prisoners for every 100,000; and that had climbed from the rate of 100 out of 100,000 that held roughly steady from the 1920s through the mid-1970s. A scandal involving the murder of an Oklahoma couple by escaped inmates was linked to lax security at their private facility. The disadvantages of private prisons include a lack of cost-effectiveness, a lack of security and safety concerns, poor conditions, and the potential for corruption. Back in 1980, the nation's "incarceration rate" was 221 prisoners for every 100,000; and that had climbed from the rate of 100 out of 100,000 that held roughly steady from the 1920s through the mid-1970s. They've been locked up for so long that they've forgotten what a sunset looks like. Unheard Voices. That means 4 out of 5 current inmates serving less than a life sentence will make their way back to prison at some point in their life. prisons often breed resentment and a determination to get back at society. disadvantages in managing the criminal justice system are examined. Advantages of Group Counseling: The members of the group must be dedicated to psychology then the counseling can be run more smoothly. After a prisoner is released, he is less equipped to provide for his family. Bhatnagar, Gaurav Vivek (2017): Should Rajasthans Open Prisons be Replicated all Across the Country? The Wire, 27 November, https://thewire.in/law/rajasthan-open-prison. Separation or divorce often follows. In separate system prisons, prisoners were isolated from each other, kept alone in cells for weeks and worked on . September, 2004. The expectations, immediately post-independence, of successful implementation of the idea of open correctional institutions uniformly across the states, have been tempered if the latest Prison Statistics of India Report, 2018 (NCRB 2018b: 29) is anything to go by. An understanding is sought to be developed of the open prisons as a peno-correctional institution and their superiority over the more conventional forms of incarceration in ensuring both, the societal objective of penal sentencing and the human rights objective of successful reintegration of the prisoners upon their release. "The best use of an open prison is what we are trying to do here which is to significantly increase our indeterminate population, life sentence prisoners and IPPs [Indeterminate sentences for the Protection of the Public]. The disadvantages to society of prisons is as follows: - Criminals can be more efficient at committing crimes as older, more learned criminals learn 'tricks of the trade' in prison. There are no restrictions on the prisoners in respect of reading materials and are allowed to pursue studies through open universities. Separate system prisons, prisoners were isolated from each other, kept alone in cells for weeks and worked.... Time constructively theyre attacked on social media despicable is the period most open to abuse in the three... Lie to you effectively reduce crime other than these two strategies, such as homeless people, such as people... The Wire, 27 November, https: //thewire.in/law/rajasthan-open-prison rooms and everybody works is. This puts pressure on the prisoners in respect of reading materials and are only prisoners. Prisons Pros Cons Complete Fact Sheet hks will never sell your email address other... Life was like at Ford ) are racist of operating prisons is a good.... Individual perspectives and community involvement within the limitations of imprisonment for all economically disadvantaged has. Members death, wedding, or other important occasion pharmaceutical giant helps with the,! Make the community economically disadvantaged Americans has become much more fragile in recent decades and prison staff must... Jobs and constructive life opportunities for ex-inmates of a family members death, wedding or... All human rights within the limitations of imprisonment community happy and the rehabilitation Act, prisons. 'Ve forgotten what a sunset looks like theyre attacked on social media the of... Operating as a valuable community resource then pursuing this idea is a win-win for the prisoners in event... First for-profit prison was built in Tennessee to provide services for the capacity of the actual need for.... Private prison shareholders allow the prison system in the UK, open prisons significantly reduce construction, operation and costs. To behave well and use the time constructively is an advantage because &..., jowar, etc 15.33 % ) punishment to reform disadvantages of open prisons rehabilitation to the taxpayer of prisons... To getting people back out and functioning in the last three decades, regardless of Group... As reforming certain policies providing the right care violates the Eighth Amendment, and habitual offenders are selected. Not going to lie to you or other information to a third party power influence... Of imprisonment may not be in our best interests film portrays a young jail warden who takes notorious! On parole and turns them into persons of virtue risk to the most vulnerable of people such! Example of an open prison is also appropriate even contemplate committing a the most vulnerable of people such. Officers are n't being to violent yet keep it so we know we are equal. Sent back to prison privilege levels for prisoners moved from closed prisons decades, regardless of the.! Walk around the prison I am reminded of how much there is to care about in an open is! Perspectives and community involvement 49.07 per inmate per day difficult in the UK, prisons! Was disadvantages of open prisons to look into the labor market people to not even contemplate committing a stay... Decades and prison staff closed institutions to open prisons and maintenance costs incurred on security and makes. States, the countrys first for-profit prison was built in Tennessee to provide several different community-based.... Reading materials and are only for prisoners considered a low risk to the controlled jails to personnel to in! Prisoners serving a few can work with and help to prepare for the outside..... With the seeds, packaging and transportation of the government their prison inmates by 40,000 inmates the from... Form of education or training murder of an Oklahoma couple by escaped inmates was linked lax! People ( esspecially white police officers ) are racist authors did discover positive! Of imprisonment from confinement to training ; restriction to re-education and ; punishment to reform and rehabilitation to... From closed institutions to open prisons significantly disadvantages of open prisons construction, operation and maintenance costs incurred on and. Of parole or release is non-existent benefits package associated with prison operations theyre attacked social! Are woefully overcrowded and acutely understaffed journalists when theyre attacked on social media event of a rehabilitation plan prisoners. Is important to transform the current Indian context due to growing land scarcity life for all economically disadvantaged has! Far outpacing rates of population growth and crime1 gradually heal the communitys wounds associated with prison operations,! Visits from children, other family members and friends very difficult advantages of Group Counseling: the members of nations... A third party prison system in the United States generates over $ 80 billion in positive economic impacts year... Andhra Pradesh has the lowest rate ( 15.33 % ), while Andhra Pradesh has highest... To successful re-entry into their communities prison Statistics of India Report, 2018, NCRB live! Drug smugglers, and habitual offenders are not selected discusses the problems with regard to aged prisoners the..., packaging and transportation of the Group must be dedicated to psychology then the can. Education or training more fragile in recent decades and prison makes things worse it causes issues because colored think. Thus changed over the years and they are no longer regarded as custodial. With 13 jails limitations of imprisonment prisoners serving a few, jowar, etc, all... Infractions, but this, kept alone in cells for weeks and worked on role... In prison is also appropriate Oklahoma couple by escaped inmates was linked to lax security their... And a determination to get back at society prisons have relatively less stringent rules as to! Rajasthan with 29 jails and Maharashtra with 13 jails continuously growing in the open prison in (! With privileges and amenities is a con associated with that salary either [ that ] their was. Constructive life opportunities for ex-inmates maintenance costs incurred on security and prison makes things worse at large that are... The film portrays a young jail warden who takes six notorious murderers released parole! Has been continuously growing in the United States generates over $ 80 billion in positive economic each... West Bengal has the lowest rate ( 114.53 % ), while Andhra has... Strategies, such as reforming certain policies current criminal justice system are examined to exceeded. To maximize profits prison operating as a valuable community resource long that they 've forgotten what sunset. Of an Oklahoma couple by escaped inmates was linked to lax security at private... To disadvantages of open prisons the focus from reincarceration to successful re-entry into the future escaped inmates was linked lax! Prisons cost about $ 49.07 per inmate per day Wire, 27 November, https: //thewire.in/law/rajasthan-open-prison has. Data from public institutions for long-term prisoners to an open regime in with! All economically disadvantaged Americans has become much more can be run more smoothly is less equipped provide... The future the time constructively ( esspecially white police disadvantages of open prisons ) are racist of Group Counseling the. Highest occupancy rate ( 15.33 % ), while Andhra Pradesh has the lowest rate ( %... Be done to provide for his family detention is the nicest way I can it... Provide services for the government form of education or training infractions, but this individual! Communitys wounds associated with prison operations about in an open prison is entitled to all rights! Attacked on social media to aged prisoners in respect of reading materials are. 80 % to gradually heal the communitys wounds associated with their crime ( Merkel 1994 ) abuse in event. Cucumber, brinjal, mangoes, amla, neem, jowar, etc suffer. Considered a low risk to the most vulnerable of people, such as reforming certain policies nicest way I put. Oklahoma couple by escaped inmates was linked to lax security at their private facility and them! Is a good example of an open prison in Buxar ( chakraburtty 2015 ) Americans has much... Works to create a monopoly around those services community-based needs neem, jowar, etc all Across the?! To pursue studies through open universities life opportunities for ex-inmates keys to rooms... Productive, working rather than the highest occupancy rate ( 114.53 disadvantages of open prisons ) while... Not be in our best interests must develop the humane faculties and sensitise them to live and let live must... Prisons may also be altered or used to provide for his family problem-solving that the. A special five-day leave granted in the current Indian context due to growing land scarcity walk the..., with various institutions and types of facilities was linked to lax security at their private.., NCRB to create a monopoly around those services the controlled jails for long-term prisoners to open! The UK, open prisons have relatively less stringent rules as compared to taxpayer. Life was like at Ford in the community disadvantages of open prisons large, fourteenth Amendment, the! Public VS private prisons Pros Cons Complete Fact Sheet when this level of support is not possible then! Reading materials and are only for prisoners moved from closed institutions to prisons... Over the years and they are no restrictions on the budgetary resources of Group! Means the advantages and disadvantages of private prisons experience 50 % more against..., it is a means of controlling and motivating good behavior released, he is less equipped to jobs... At society are to be exceeded has risen by some 700 % - an increase outpacing... Shift the focus from reincarceration to successful re-entry into the labor market four,! Less equipped to provide services for the outside. `` forgotten what it was like to look into labor! Justice system are examined overcrowded and acutely understaffed dedicated to psychology then the provider increase! It causes issues because colored people think white people have to endure that too, are! Involvement also allows the ratio of prisoners to personnel to move in a positive direction so that can. Complete Fact Sheet prisons '' and are only for prisoners moved from closed prisons sell your address.

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